Producer Consumer example

a simple producer-consumer scenario where one thread (Producer) produces data and

another thread (Consumer) consumes it. The wait(), notify(), and notifyAll() methods are used

for communication between the threads.

class Data {
private String packet;
private boolean transfer = true;

// Synchronized method to send data
public synchronized void send(String packet) {
while (!transfer) {
try {
wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
System.out.println("Thread interrupted");
            }
        }
transfer = false;
this.packet = packet;
notifyAll();
    }

// Synchronized method to receive data
public synchronized String receive() {
while (transfer) {
try {
wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
System.out.println("Thread interrupted");
            }
        }
transfer = true;
notifyAll();
return packet;
    }
}

class Sender implements Runnable {
private Data data;

public Sender(Data data) {
this.data = data;
    }

@Override
public void run() {
String packets[] = {
"First packet",
"Second packet",
"Third packet",
"Fourth packet",
"End"
};

for (String packet : packets) {
data.send(packet);
System.out.println("Sending " + packet);
try {
Thread.sleep(500);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
System.out.println("Thread interrupted");
            }
        }
    }
}

class Receiver implements Runnable {
private Data data;

public Receiver(Data data) {
this.data = data;
    }

@Override
public void run() {
for (String receivedMessage = data.receive();
             !"End".equals(receivedMessage);
receivedMessage = data.receive()) {

System.out.println("Received: " + receivedMessage);

try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
System.out.println("Thread interrupted");
            }
        }
    }
}

public class ProducerConsumer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Data data = new Data();
Thread sender = new Thread(new Sender(data));
Thread receiver = new Thread(new Receiver(data));

sender.start();
receiver.start();
    }
}

Received: First packet

Sending First packet

Sending Second packet

Received: Second packet

Sending Third packet

Received: Third packet

Sending Fourth packet

Received: Fourth packet

Sending End